Orthodontic Treatment of Dental Misalignment in Children Using Braces

A correct dental alignment is important not only for aesthetic reasons but also for overall oral health. When parents notice crooked teeth or bite problems in their children, they often wonder: "Does my child need braces, and which type is best?" Not all children require braces, but timely orthodontic evaluation can answer these questions. A professional check-up helps determine whether treatment is necessary and which type of braces is most suitable.

Because children's dental and jaw development changes at various stages, the timing of examination and intervention is critical. Orthodontists typically evaluate children at the following age stages:

Key ages for orthodontic check-ups:

• Age 4: This is when the primary (baby) teeth are complete. Initial jaw and dental development are examined. Risk factors such as thumb sucking and early tooth loss are assessed.

• Age 8: Early permanent dentition begins. Baby teeth gradually give way to permanent ones. Jaw symmetry and tooth alignment are observed.

• Age 12: Late permanent dentition stage. Jaw structure is fully developed, and if intervention is necessary, this is the ideal period for assessment.

Ideal age for starting treatment:

• Ages 7–12: Considered the best time. Since the jaw and teeth are still developing, the body responds naturally to treatment.

• Ages 5–6: Recommended only in special or severe cases (e.g., jaw disorders or major asymmetry).

There are two main types of braces used for children: removable and fixed braces. Removable braces are typically used to guide jaw development and correct mild misalignments. They are custom-made and should be worn for around 15 hours daily. Their effectiveness depends on consistent use. Parents should support their child's motivation and maintain proper hygiene. These braces should be removed during meals and stored in a special container afterward.

For more complex cases, fixed braces are used. In this system, brackets are glued to the teeth and connected by elastic or heat-activated wires. Since fixed braces work continuously, they are not dependent on the child’s discipline and typically yield faster results. Treatment usually lasts 2–3 years. While some children may feel self-conscious about wearing metal braces, modern orthodontics offers alternatives such as clear ceramic braces and invisible lingual systems.

After the braces are removed, maintaining the result is crucial. There's a risk of teeth shifting back. To prevent this, retainers are used. There are two types: a fixed retainer — a thin wire bonded to the back of the teeth, and a removable retainer — a clear tray worn at night. Both help maintain the results of treatment.

Many orthodontic problems in children are acquired rather than genetic. Poor habits or early loss of baby teeth often lead to misalignments. For example, prolonged thumb sucking may push upper teeth forward and cause an open bite. Early loss of baby teeth may leave insufficient space for permanent teeth. To prevent such issues, parents should:

• Address thumb-sucking early (wean off pacifiers after age 3)

• Maintain proper oral hygiene and ensure a healthy diet to protect baby teeth

• Monitor habits and seek timely orthodontic advice

In conclusion, braces for children are not just for a perfect smile but for lifelong oral health. When choosing the type of braces, the orthodontist’s recommendation and the child's individual needs must be considered. At RealDent Clinic, children receive professional care with both removable and fixed braces and a personalized treatment plan. Taking the right step at the right time ensures both health and self-confidence for your child.